TUGAS SOFTSKILL BAHASA INGGRIS

TUGAS SOFTSKILL BAHASA INGGRIS

Nama   : Mehliyana Ariska

Kelas   : 1EA22

Npm    : 15213401

Once upon a time... there lived an unhappy young girl. Unhappy she was, for her mother was dead, her father had married another woman, a widow with two daughters, and her stepmother didn't like her one little bit. 

All the nice things, kind thoughts and loving touches were for her own daughters. And not just the kind thoughts and love, but also dresses, shoes, shawls, delicious food, comfy beds, as well as every home comfort. 

 All this was laid on for her daughters. But, for the poor unhappy girl, there was nothing at all. No dresses, only her stepsisters' hand-me-downs. No lovely dishes, nothing but scraps. 

No nice rests and comfort. For she had to work hard all day, and only when evening came was she allowed to sit for a while by the fire, near the cinders. That is how she got her nickname, for everybody called her Cinderella. Cinderella used to spend long hours all alone talking to the cat. The cat said,

"Miaow", which really meant, "Cheer up! You have something neither of your stepsisters have and that is beauty."

It was quite true. Cinderella, even dressed in rags with a dusty gray face from the cinders, was a lovely girl. While her stepsisters, no matter how splendid and elegant their clothes, were still clumsy, lumpy and ugly and always would be.

One day, beautiful new dresses arrived at the house. A ball was to be held at Court and the stepsisters were getting ready to go to it. Cinderella, didn't even dare ask, "What about me?" for she knew very well what the answer to that would be:

"You? My dear girl, you're staying at home to wash the dishes, scrub the floors and turn down the beds for your stepsisters. They will come home tired and very sleepy." Cinderella sighed at the cat.

"Oh dear, I'm so unhappy!" and the cat murmured "Miaow".

Suddenly something amazing happened. In the kitchen, where Cinderella was sitting all by herself, there was a burst of light and a fairy appeared.

"Don't be alarmed, Cinderella," said the fairy. "The wind blew me your sighs. I know you would love to go to the ball. And so you shall!"

"How can I, dressed in rags?" Cinderella replied. "The servants will turn me away!" The fairy smiled. With a flick of her magic wand... Cinderella found herself wearing the most beautiful dress, the loveliest ever seen in the realm.

"Now that we have settled the matter of the dress," said the fairy, "we'll need to get you a coach. A real lady would never go to a ball on foot!"

"Quick! Get me a pumpkin!" she ordered.

"Oh of course," said Cinderella, rushing away. Then the fairy turned to the cat.

"You, bring me seven mice!"

"Seven mice!" said the cat. "I didn't know fairies ate mice too!"

"They're not for eating, silly! Do as you are told!... and, remember they must be alive!" 

Cinderella soon returned with a fine pumpkin and the cat with seven mice he had caught in the cellar.

"Good!" exclaimed the fairy. With a flick of her magic wand... wonder of wonders! The pumpkin turned into a sparkling coach and the mice became six white horses, while the seventh mouse turned into a coachman, in a smart uniform and carrying a whip. Cinderella could hardly believe her eyes.

"I shall present you at Court. You will soon see that the Prince, in whose honor the ball is being held, will be enchanted by your loveliness. But remember! You must leave the ball at midnight and come home. 

For that is when the spell ends. Your coach will turn back into a pumpkin, the horses will become mice again and the coachman will turn back into a mouse... and you will be dressed again in rags and wearing clogs instead of these dainty little slippers! Do you understand?" Cinderella smiled and said,

"Yes, I understand!"

When Cinderella entered the ballroom at the palace, a hush fell. Everyone stopped in mid-sentence to admire her elegance, her beauty and grace.

"Who can that be?" people asked each other. The two stepsisters also wondered who the newcomer was, for never in a month of Sundays, would they ever have guessed that the beautiful girl was really poor Cinderella who talked to the cat!

When the prince set eyes on Cinderella, he was struck by her beauty. Walking over to her, he bowed deeply and asked her to dance. And to the great disappointment of all the young ladies, he danced with Cinderella all evening.

"Who are you, fair maiden?" the Prince kept asking her. But Cinderella only replied:

"What does it matter who I am! You will never see me again anyway."

"Oh, but I shall, I'm quite certain!" he replied.

Cinderella had a wonderful time at the ball... But, all of a sudden, she heard the sound of a clock: the first stroke of midnight! She remembered what the fairy had said, and without a word of goodbye she slipped from the Prince's arms and ran down the steps.

 As she ran she lost one of her slippers, but not for a moment did she dream of stopping to pick it up! If the last stroke of midnight were to sound... oh... what a disaster that would be! Out she fled and vanished into the night.

The Prince, who was now madly in love with her, picked up her slipper and said to his ministers,

"Go and search everywhere for the girl whose foot this slipper fits. I will never be content until I find her!" So the ministers tried the slipper on the foot of all the girls... and on Cinderella's foot as well... Surprise! The slipper fitted perfectly.

"That awful untidy girl simply cannot have been at the ball," snapped the stepmother. "Tell the Prince he ought to marry one of my two daughters! Can't you see how ugly Cinderella is! Can't you see?"

Suddenly she broke off, for the fairy had appeared.

"That's enough!" she exclaimed, raising her magic wand. In a flash, Cinderella appeared in a splendid dress, shining with youth and beauty. Her stepmother and stepsisters gaped at her in amazement, and the ministers said,

"Come with us, fair maiden! The Prince awaits to present you with his engagement ring!" So Cinderella joyfully went with them, and lived happily ever after with her Prince. And as for the cat, he just said "Miaow"!  

SOFTSKILL B.INGGRIS - DIRECT & INDIRECT SPEECH

DIRECT-INDIRECT SPEECH

Disusun oleh:

MEHLIYANA ARISKA

15213401

1EA22

UNIVERSITAS GUNADARMA

2014

Direct Speech

Saying exactly what someone has said is called direct speech (sometimes called quoted speech). Here what a person says appears within quotation marks ("...") and should be word for word.

ü  For example:

She said, "Today's lesson is on presentations."

or

"Today's lesson is on presentations", she said.

Indirect Speech

Indirect speech (sometimes called reported speech), doesn't use quotation marks to enclose what the person said and it doesn't have to be word for word.

When reporting speech the tense usually changes. This is because when we use reported speech, we are usually talking about a time in the past (because obviously the person who spoke originally spoke in the past). The verbs therefore usually have to be in the past too.

ü  For example:

He said he was going to the cinema.

or

"I'm going to the cinema", he said.

Statements

If we want to say what other people said, thought or felt, we can use the direct and indirect speech.

·         The direct speech:          "I like it," he said. "Irene is late," he thought. "I

will pass the exam," she hoped.

o   The reported speech:      He said he liked it. He thought that Irene was

late. She hoped she would pass the exam.

The reported speech is typically introduced by verbs such as say, tell, admit, complain, explain, remind, reply, think, hope, offer, refuse etc. in the past tense.

Time and place

Let's suppose that we talked to our friend Mary on Friday. And she said: "Greg came yesterday."  It means that Greg came on Thursday. If we report Mary's sentence on Sunday, we have to do the following:

Mary: "Greg came yesterday." - Mary said that Greg had come the day before.
If we say: Mary said Greg had come yesterday, it is not correct, because it means that he came on Saturday.

-       The time expressions change as follows.
Today - that day, tomorrow - the next day/the following day, the day after tomorrow - in two days' time, yesterday - the day before, the day before yesterday - two days before, next week/month - the following week/month, last week/month - the previous week/month,

 a year ago - a year before/the previous year

Bill:    "She will leave tomorrow."         - Bill said she would leave the

                                                next day.
Sam: "She arrived last week."            - Sam said she had arrived the previous

                                                week.
Julie: "He moved a year ago."            - Julie said he had moved a year before.

Questions

Questions become statements. The reporting verb say changes into ask, want to know, wonder...

"Where have you been?" he said.        - He asked me where I had been.
"What time did it start?" he said.         - He wanted to know what time it had

                                                started.
"Why won't he do it?" she said.           - She wondered why he wouldn't do it.

In yes/no questions we use if or whether in questions. If is more common and whether is more formal.

"Will you come?" she asked me.          - She asked me if/whether I would

                                                come.
"Did he marry Sue?" she said.             - She wondered if/whether he had

married Sue.

REPORTED SPEECH

§  Tense Changes When Using Reported Speech

Normally, the tense in reported speech is one tense back in time from the tense in direct speech:

The changes are shown below:

Simple present		Simple past
"I always drink coffee", she said		She said that she always drank coffee.
Present continuous		Past continuous
"I am reading a book", he explained.		He explained that he was reading a book
Simple past		Past perfect
"Bill arrived on Saturday", he said.		He said that Bill had arrived on Saturday
Present perfect		Past perfect
"I have been to Spain", he told me.		He told me that he had been to Spain
Past perfect		Past perfect
"I had just turned out the light," he explained.		He explained that he had just turned out the light.
Present perfect continuous		Past perfect continuous
They complained, "We have beenwaiting for hours".		They complained that they had been waiting for hours.

Punctuating Direct Speech

When using direct speech in your writing you need to use the correct punctuation.

•         The exact words spoken must be enclosed in speech marks.

•         The first word of the speech must begin with a capital letter.

•         The words in the speech marks must be separated from the rest of the sentence by a comma.

•         You must use a new line when a new speaker begins to speak.

Using Speech in Your Writing

Using speech in fiction and non-fiction writing adds variety.

However, writing out long pieces of direct speech can make your writing confusing. It also slows down the action.

Reported speech can summarise what the speaker has said so that the action moves along more quickly.

Reported speech is useful when you want a contrast between what a character says and what he or she is thinking. (e.g. Lady Macbeth)

Summary

Ø  In your writing use mainly reported speech. Use direct speech only to emphasise the main points your characters make.

Ø  Don’t bore and confuse your readers by writing out long conversations between your characters.

Ø  Direct speech should be used sparingly.

Ø  It is most effective when only the most forceful statements are put into direct speech.

    

1.   “Have been writing letters,’ Heru answered. We can also say…..

a)    Heru answered that he had been writing letters.

b)   Heru answered thet he has been writing letters.

c)    Heru answered that he wrote letters.

d)   Heru answered that he has writing letters.

e)    Heru answered he has been writing letters.

2.   Heru: ‘Stevani, are you going to let me go without you?’ It means:

a)    Heru asked whether Stevani is going go let him go without her.

b)   Heru asked Stevani ti let him go without me.

c)    Heru told Stevani that she was going to let him.

d)   Heru asked Stevani if she was going to let him go without her.

e)    Heru asked if she was going to let Stevani go without her.

3.   Heru:  Were you sleeping when I called you last night?

Andi:  No, I went to the cinema.

From the dialogue we know that Heru wanted to know if Indra . . . . . when he called him.

a)    Sleeps

b)   Slept

c)    Was sleeping

d)   Has been sleeping

e)    Had been sleeping

4.   Mom:  Oh dear! Didn’t I tell you to tidy this room?

Heru:  Mom! Couldn’t do it alone. Fery promised to help me but he

          went out.

In the dialogue Heru’s mother wanted to know whether Heru . . . . . the room.

a)    Was tidying

b)   Would tidy

c)    Had tidied

d)   Will tidy

e)    Tidied

5.   Heru     :  Did you know what Firdaus said yesterday?

Riyadi   :  Of course. He said . . . . .  the previous day.

a)    He had gone to his country

b)   He has gone to his country

c)    He will go to his country

d)   He went to his country

e)    He goes to his country

R E F E R E N C E S

v  http://www.edufind.com/english/grammar/reported_speech.php

v  http://www.e-grammar.org/reported-speech/